HUBUNGAN DUKUNGAN SOSIAL TEMAN SEBAYA DENGAN FUNGSI KOGNITIF PADA LANSIA
Keywords:
Dukungan sosial, fungsi kognitif, lansia, teman sebayaAbstract
Penuaan yang terjadi pada lansia bisa berdampak pada kemunduran intelektual termasuk fungsi kognitif. Banyak faktor yang dapat mempengaruhi fungsi kognitif pada lansia mengalami penurunan salah satunya dukungan sosial. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan antara dukungan sosial teman sebaya dengan fungsi kognitif pada lansia di wilayah kerja Puskesmas Payung Sekaki. Penelitian ini menggunakan desain deskriptif korelasi dan pendekatan cross sectional. Penelitian dilakukan pada Februari-Juli 2021 di wilayah kerja Puskesmas Payung Sekaki Kota Pekanbaru. Sampel penelitian sebanyak 100 responden yang diambil dengan menggunakan teknik cluster sampling. Pengambilan data dilakukan dengan menggunakan kuesioner. Analisis data menggunakan Chi-Square. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan lansia berusia 60-74 tahun sebanyak 80%, berjenis kelamin perempuan sebanyak 58%, pendidikan terakhir sekolah dasar sebanyak 31%, status perkawinan menikah sebanyak 60%. Kategori untuk dukungan sosial teman sebaya positif sebanyak 67%, gangguan kognitif sebanyak 51%. Ada hubungan antara dukungan sosial teman sebaya dengan fungsi kognitif pada lansia (p=0,047). Dukungan sosial teman sebaya dapat mempengaruhi terjadinya penurunan fungsi kognitif pada lansia. Saran bagi Puskesmas adalah untuk memberikan penambahan informasi melalui penyuluhan untuk mangajak lansia agar meningkatkan hubungan dukungan sosial antar teman sebaya agar fungsi kognitif berada dalam kondisi yang optimal.
Aging in the elderly can impact intellectual decline, including cognitive function. Many factors can affect cognitive function in the elderly experiencing a decline, one of which is social support. This research aimed to determine the association between peer social support and the cognitive function of the elderly in the working area of Payung Sekaki Public Health Center. The design was descriptive correlation research with cross-sectional. The study was conducted in February-July 2021 in the Work Area of the Payung Sekaki Health Center, Pekanbaru City. The samples of the research were 100 respondents taken using cluster sampling. This research used a questionnaire, data analysis using chi-square. The result found that the samples between 60-74 years old were 80%, the female was 58%, primary school graduates was 31%, marital status married was 60%. The category for positive peer social support was 67%, impaired cognitive function was 51%. There is a relationship between peer social support and cognitive function in the elderly (p=0.047). Peer social support can affect the decline in cognitive function in the elderly. Suggestions for the health centre are to provide additional information through counseling to invite the elderly to improve social support relationships between peers so that cognitive function is in optimal condition.
Â
Downloads
References
Alpin, Haikal. 2016. “Hubungan Fungsi Gerak Sendi Dengan Tingkat Kemandirian Lansia Di Panti Sosial Tresna Werdha Gau Mabaji Kabupaten Gowa.†Jurnal Ilmiah Kesehatan Sandi Husada 3(1):43–49.
Alzheimer’s Indonesia. 2019. “Statistik Tentang Demensia.â€
Anggraini, P.,Kusuma, F., & Widiani, E. 2017. “Hubungan Dukungan Sosial Dengan Tingkat Stress Pada Lansia Di Posyandu Bendungan Desa Landungsari Kecamatan Dau Malang.†Nursing News 2(3):466–77.
Azizah. 2011. Keperawatan Lanjut Usia. Yogyakarta: Graha Ilmu.
Badan Pusat Statistik Provinsi Riau. 2019. Jumlah Penduduk Menurut Kelompok Umur Dan Jenis Kelamin Di Provinsi Riau, 2011-2019.
Farrow, DR., & O’Connor, E. 2012. Targeting Brain, Body And Heart For Cognitive Health And Dementia Prevention. Australia: DCRC.
Ge, S., Wu, B., Jr, D., & Dong, X. 2017. “Social Support, Social Strain, and Cognitive Function Among Community-Dwelling U.S Chinese Older Adults.†Journals of Gerontology: Medical Sciences 72(51):16–21.
Griffin, S., Mezuk, B., Williams, A., Perrin, P., & Rybarczyk, B. 2020. “Isolation, Not Loneliness or Cynical Hostility, Predicts Cognitive Decline in Older Americans.†Journal of Aging and Health 32(1):52–60.
Ihle, A., Oris, M., Baeriswyl, M., & Kliegel, M. 2018. “The Relation Of Close Friends To Cognitive Performance in Old Age: The Mediating Role Of Leisure Activities.†International Psychogeriatric 30(12):1753–58.
Indahsah, Wahyu Nur. 2017. “Hubungan Dukungan Sosial Teman Sebaya Dengan Tingkat Depresi Pada Lansia Di UPT Pelayanan Sosial Tresna Werdha Pasuruan.†Universitas Brawijaya.
Juniarta, P., & Aryana, IGP. 2018. “Hubungan Antara Depres, Gangguan Fungsi Kognitif, Dan Kualitas Hidup Penduduk Usia Lanjut Di Desa Pedawa, Kabupaten Singaraja, Bali.†Jurnal Penyakit Dalam Udayana 2(1):19–22.
Kelly, M., Duff, H., Power, J., Brennan, S., Lawlor, B., & Loughrey, D. 2017. “The Impact of Social Activities, Social Networks, Social Support, and Social Relationships On The Cognitive Functioning Og Healthy Older Adults: A Systematic Review.†Kelly et Al, Systematic Review 6(259):1–18.
Khan, A., Manan, A., & Rohana, S. 2016. “The Influence of Social Support On Cognitive Impairment.†Australasian Medical Journal 9(8):262–69.
Kuswati, A., Sumedi, T., & Wahyudi. 2019. “Elderly Empoworment Through The Activites Of Brain Function Cognitive Stimulation Elderly In Mersi Village District Banyumas.†Journal of Bionursing 1(1):122–32.
Li, J., Wang, Z., Lian, Z., Zhu, Z., & Liu, Y. 2019. “Social Networks, Community Engagement, and Cognitive Impairment among Community-Dwelling Chinese Older Adults.†Dement Geriatr Cogn Disord Extra 9:330–37.
Maryani, H., & Kristiana, L. 2018. “Pemodelan Angka Harapan Hidup (AHH) Laki-Laki Dan Perempuan Di Indonesia Tahun 2016.†Buletin Penelitian Sistem Kesehatan 21(2):71–81.
Muizzulhafiidh, Ahmad. 2019. “Hubungan Dukungan Sosial Teman Sebaya Dengan Tingkat Stres Pada Lansia Di Unit Pelaksana Teknis Pelayanan Sosial Tresna Werdha Kabupaten Jember.†Universitas Jember.
Ningsih, Nursyamsi. 2020. “Efektivitas Latihan Senam Otak (Brain Gym) Terhadap Peningkatan Fungsi Kognitif Pada Lansia: Literature Review.†Universitas Riau.
Nuraini, Kusuma,F., & Rahayu. 2018. “Hubungan Interaksi Sosial Dengan Kesepian Pada Lansia Di Kelurahan Tglomas Kota Malang.†Nursing News 3(1):603–11.
Ramli, R., & Fadhillah, M. 2020. “Faktor Yang Mempengaruhi Fungsi Kognitif Pada Lansia.†Window of Nursing Jurnal 1(1):23–32.
Rifati, M., Abidi, A., Arumsari, A., & Fajrianiii, N. 2018. “Konsep Dukungan Sosial.†Filsafat Ilmu.
Rokom. 2019. “Indonesia Masuki Periode Aging Population.†Sehat Negeriku.
Safitri, Chairani. 2018. “Depresi Pada Lansia Di Posyandu Lansia Wilayah Binaan Puskesmas Padang Bulan Medan.†Universitas Sumatera Utara.
Sari, R., Kuswardhani, RA., Aryana, I., Purnami, R., Putrawan, IB., & Astika, I. 2019. “Hubungan Hipertensi Terhadap Gangguan Kognitif Pada Lanjut Usia Di Panti Werdha Wana Seraya Denpasar.†Jurnal Penyakit Dalam Udayana 3(1):14–17.
Simanjuntak, L., & Sulistyaningsih, W. 2018. “Perbedaan Kesejahteraan Psikologis Lansia Ditinjau Dari Bentuk Dukungan Teman Sebaya.†Psikologia: Jurnal Pemikiran & Penelitian Psikologi 13(2):59–73.
Subdirektrorat Statistik Pendidikan dan Kesejahteraan Sosial. 2020. Statistik Penduduk Lanjut Usia. Jakarta: Badan Pusat Statistik.
United Nations Department Of Economic And Social Affairs. 2020. World Population Ageing 2020 Highlights - Ten Key Messages. New York. UN.
WHO. 2021. “Dementia.†Switzerland. WHO.
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
Copyright (c) 2021 Amanda Eflin Pradana, Reni Zulfitri, Nopriadi Nopriadi
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
Authors who publish with Jurnal Keperawatan Tropis Papua (JKTP) agree to the following terms:
Authors retain copyright and grant Jurnal Keperawatan Tropis Papua (JKTP) right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution License CC-BY-SA that allows others to remix, adapt, build upon the work with an acknowledgment of the work's authorship and initial publication and initial publication in this journal.
Authors can enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal's published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgment of its initial publication in this journal.
Authors are permitted and encouraged to post their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their website) before and during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges and earlier and greater citation of published work (See The Effect of Open Access).
